Description
Recently, platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively used treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and consequently, a variable methods and techniques to manufacture a PRP have emerged in clinical practice. The freeze-dried platelet factor concentrate (PFC-FD) is reported to preserve a bioreactivity of growth factors for a semi-permanent, having a capability of selectively the timing to draw a peripheral blood. However, it is unclear whether it is better to draw blood before or after the progression of knee osteoarthritis in order to produce PFC-FD with higher concentrations of growth factors.The aim of this study was to reveal whether concentration of growth factors in PFC-FD is higher or lower depending on the severity of the donor's knee osteoarthritis.
To prepare the two types of allografted PFC-FD, whole blood was drawn from both rats healthy or knee arthritis with intra-articular injections of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). Thereafter, PFC-FD were prepared by second spinning and the using CaCl2: the Healthy rats-derived PFC-FD(H-FD) and the Arthritis rats-derived PFC-FD(A-FD). Knee osteoarthritis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with intra-articular injections of MIA on day 0. On day 7, PRP was injected into the right knee of rats and saline was injected into the left knee as a control. We measured the struggle threshold of knee extension angle in order to assess pain of the knee joint on day 7,14, and 21. Rats were euthanized at day 21 for histological assessment of synovial tissue and cartilage. Concentrations of growth factors in the injected PRP were assessed to determine their association with outcomes.
In both PFC-FD groups significantly reduced pain responses throughout 2 weeks post-dosing. In terms of a quantitive histological assessment, structural changes in the synovial tissue and cartilage degeneration were significantly inhibited in both groups compared with the controls. Additionally, the H-FD yielded favorable results than the A-FD. The concentrations of PDGF-BB were significantly higher, VEGF was significantly lower in H-FD.
This study provided the experimental evidence that in knee OA rats model, PFC-FD injection exhibited a histologically and behaviorally significant improvement. In terms of the timing to manufacture the PFC-FD, no inflammation group was significantly higher concentration of PDGF-BB having a capability of a chondrogenic bioreactivity. It is suggested that PFC-FD made from patient has knee osteoarthritis might be less effective than from patient has healthy knee.
